Today, the biggest news comes from the Russian Federation.
In central Moscow, security forces carried out a massive coordinated crackdown and detained up to two hundred people. Security forces were detaining anyone they came across on the street, reportedly including minors. According to eyewitnesses, those detained were beaten and taken to police stations.

Detainees reported being held for hours without water or access to toilets, while their phones were smashed. Minors were later released to parents, though parents initially faced barriers to entry at the stations, leading to confrontations. Officially, Moscow’s Interior Ministry described the operation as a preventive measure aimed at controlling public drinking, drug use, and related issues in the city center. However, adults of military age at the police stations were being handed summonses to the military registration and enlistment office en masse, and officers persistently urged those over eighteen to sign contracts with the Defense Ministry to replenish Russian manpower reserves as the frontline situation deteriorates rapidly.

Russia is forced to take these measures because its monthly losses climbed to fifty-four thousand and four hundred in October and its daily losses reached a new record of two thousand nine hundred and eighty, according to the Ukrainian General Staff. Just this year alone, Russia lost more than four hundred thousand soldiers, including dead and wounded. Ukrainian hacker groups also hacked the Russian Federal State Statistics Service database and found information about Russia’s losses. According to this data, Russia has lost at least four hundred and fifty thousand of its soldiers killed in action. These statistics do not include those missing in action, as well as soldiers recruited from the Russian-controlled parts of Ukraine or foreign mercenaries. The actual number is likely a lot higher, as this is only the number of soldiers killed that are actually communicated to the Russian high command, as local commanders try to hide their own real losses in fear of harsh punishment.

Russia has been avoiding announcing a new wave of mobilization since two thousand and twenty-two, and has relied mostly on high signing bonuses and salaries in the army. However, as fewer impoverished Russians are willing to sign contracts with the Russian Ministry of Defense and the army’s losses continue to rise, Russia is forced to take desperate measures to solve its manpower shortages. Russia is using debt relief as an explicit incentive, as a decree allows writing off debts of up to ten million rubles for those signing a military contract, while enforcement actions, such as seizures and account freezes, are suspended for contract soldiers. Recruiters buy data on debtors, people under investigation, those with criminal records, alcohol and drug issues, and mental health problems because these groups have fewer legal and social defenses. Police, private recruiters, and even informal networks receive bonuses for delivering recruits. Russia is also recruiting tens of thousands of ethnic minorities and people abroad, mostly from Africa and Asia, targeting poorer countries with weak governance to protect their own citizens, to lure new potential soldiers to Russia with high-paying jobs, before forcing them to join the Russian army.

However, all these methods couldn’t bring in enough recruits because of the rising losses, which is why Russia opted for covert mobilization. Russia has been contemplating how to conduct it leading up to the State Duma and regional elections in September. Now it is clear that they are going for the option of a non-official mobilization, trying not to stir up tensions and cause societal anger, and only picking up the pace of mobilization gradually. The advantage is that there isn’t a visible and violent start to it, which would cause protests as it did in two-thousand-twenty-two. However, the downside is that this way they cannot bring in the manpower that the army needs immediately. As a result, recruits will arrive more slowly, and the Russian offensive efforts in Ukraine will suffer because of it.

Overall, Russia’s growing manpower crisis exposes a fundamental weakness in its war strategy, as Moscow can still send soldiers into battle, but replacing them is becoming increasingly difficult. Covert mobilization may help the Kremlin avoid the political consequences of another public mobilization, but it comes at the cost of speed. This creates a dangerous dilemma as the longer Russia delays mass recruitment, the harder it becomes to sustain its offensive operations. Ultimately, Putin is sacrificing military momentum to protect domestic political stability.


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